Modern advances in patient care have enabled surgeons to treat more challenging and complicated surgical problems. In addition, surgical treatment can be offered to more fragile patients, with successful outcomes. In order to achieve these good results, it is vital to master the scientific fundamentals of perioperative management. The organ system–based approach allows the surgeon to address the patient's pre- and postoperative needs, and ensures that these needs are part of the surgical plan. The most common neuropsychiatric complications following abdominal surgery are pain and delirium. Moreover, uncontrolled pain and delirium prevent the patient from contributing to vital aspects of his or her care such as walking and coughing, and promote an unsafe environment that may lead to the unwanted dislodgment of drains and other supportive devices, with potentially life-threatening consequences. Pain and delirium frequently coexist, and each can contribute to the development of the other. Despite high reported rates of overall patient satisfaction, pain control is frequently inadequate in the perioperative setting1 with high rates of complications such as drowsiness and unacceptable levels of pain. Therefore, it is mandatory that the surgical plan for every patient include control of postoperative pain and delirium and regular monitoring of the efficacy of pain control. Pain management, like all surgical planning, begins in the preoperative assessment. In the modern era, a large proportion of surgical patients will require special attention with respect to pain control. Patients with preexisting pain syndromes, such as sciatica or interspinal disc disease, or patients with a history of opioid use may have a high tolerance for opioid analgesics. Every patient's history should include a thorough investigation for chronic pain syndrome, addiction (active or in recovery), and adverse reactions to opioid, nonsteroidal, or epidural analgesia. The pain control strategy may include consultation with a pain control anesthesiology specialist, but it is the responsibility of the operating surgeon to identify complicated patients and construct an effective pain control plan. The scholar journal uses editorial manager system for maintaining quality of the whole process of manuscript submission, peer review and tracking. Journal of Surgery and Anesthesia aims to maintain a rapid editorial procedure and a rigorous peer-review system for all the submitted manuscripts. The submitted articles are peer-reviewed within 21 days of submission and the accepted articles are published immediately. Acceptance of any manuscript for publication requires approval of at least two independent reviewers and the editor. Submit manuscripts as an e-mail attachment to manuscripts@longdom.org